Adjektiv
Swedish adjective declension
Basic declension
Swedish adjectives change form depending on the noun's gender (en/ett), number (singular/plural), and definiteness (indefinite/definite).
Pick an adjective, then click any cell to see how it changes. The highlighted cell shows the current form.
Special form patterns
Many adjectives follow predictable patterns when forming the ett- and plural forms. The explorer below groups these by pattern so you can learn the rules.
| Pattern | Rule | Example |
|---|---|---|
| -el words | Drop e: -elt (ett), -la (pl) | enkel → enkelt → enkla |
| -en words | -en → -et (ett), -na (pl) | öppen → öppet → öppna |
| -er words | Drop e: -ert (ett), -ra (pl) | vacker → vackert → vackra |
| Stressed vowel | Double t in ett-form | ny → nytt, blå → blått |
| Vowel + t | Double t in ett-form | våt → vått, söt → sött |
| Ends in -tt | Ett identical to en | trött → trött, lätt → lätt |
| Ends in -rt/-st/-nt | Ett identical to en | svart → svart, tyst → tyst |
| -d → -tt | Voiced d becomes voiceless tt | röd → rött, glad → glatt |
| -ld/-nd/-rd | -ld→-lt, -nd→-nt, -rd→-rt | mild → milt, ond → ont |
| -m words | Ett: -mt. Plural doubles m | tom → tomt → tomma |
| -nn words | -nn → -nt in ett-form | sann → sant, tunn → tunt |
Komparation (comparison)
Swedish has four comparison groups. Most adjectives add -are/-ast (group 1). Some short adjectives use -re/-st with vowel change (group 2). A few are completely irregular (group 3). Long adjectives use mer/mest (group 4).
| Grupp | Positiv | Komparativ | Superlativ |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 (-are/-ast) | rolig | roligare | roligast |
| 2 (-re/-st) | stor | större | störst |
| 3 (irregular) | bra | bättre | bäst |
| 3 (irregular) | dålig | sämre/värre | sämst/värst |
| 3 (irregular) | liten | mindre | minst |
| 3 (irregular) | gammal | äldre | äldst |
| 4 (mer/mest) | praktisk | mer praktisk | mest praktisk |